Why I am Going to Read Professor Francis Boyle's Book: Biowarfare and Terrorism (2005)

https://law.illinois.edu/faculty-research/faculty-profiles/francis-boyle/#about

ABOUT: Professor Francis Boyle

Francis Boyle is a professor of international law at the University of Illinois College of Law. He received an AB (1971) in Political Science from the University of Chicago, then a JD degree magna cum laude from Harvard Law School, and AM and PhD degrees in Political Science from Harvard University. He practiced tax and international tax with Bingham, Dana & Gould.

Professor Boyle serves as counsel to Bosnia and Herzegovina and to the Provisional Government of the Palestinian Authority. He also represents two associations of citizens within Bosnia and was involved in developing the indictment against Slobodan Milosević for genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Over his career, he has represented national and international bodies including the Blackfoot Nation (Canada), the Nation of Hawaii, and the Lakota Nation, as well as numerous individual death penalty and human rights cases. He has advised numerous international bodies in the areas of human rights, war crimes and genocide, nuclear policy, and bio-warfare. From 1991-92, he served as Legal Advisor to the Palestinian Delegation to the Middle East Peace Negotiations.

Professor Boyle served on the Board of Directors of Amnesty International, as a consultant to the American Friends Service Committee, and on the Advisory Board for the Council for Responsible Genetics. He drafted the U.S. domestic implementing legislation for the Biological Weapons Convention, known as the Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act of 1989, that was approved unanimously by both Houses of the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President George H.W. Bush.

EDUCATION

AM, PhD Harvard University
JD Harvard Law School
AB University of Chicago

AREAS OF EXPERTISE

Constitutional Law (U.S. Foreign Affairs)
Human Rights
Jurisprudence
U.S. Foreign Affairs

Book: Biowarfare and Terrorism  – October 31, 2005

Amazon Description:

This book outlines how and why the United States government initiated, sustained and then dramatically expanded an illegal biological arms buildup. Most significantly, U.S. expert Francis A. Boyle reveals how the new billion-dollar U.S. Chemical and Biological Defense Program has been reorientated to accord with the Neo-Conservative pre-emptive strike agenda—this time by biological and chemical warfare.Linking U.S. biowarfare development to the October 2001 anthrax attack onCongress—the most significant political attack on the constitutional functioning of democracy in the United States in recent history—Boyle sheds new light on the motives for the attack, the media black hole of silence into which it has fallen, and why the FBI may never apprehend the perpetrators of this seminal political crime of the 21st century.Biowarfare and Terrorism should raise public concern at what the vastly expanded US biowarfare research and purported civilian preparedness programs hold in store for America—and the extent to which the Bush administration is prepared to pursue them, irrespective of their incitement to a global biowarfare arms race, and likely exposure of the American people to future accidents and reprisals.

Excerpt from Professor Boyle’s book Biowarfare and Terrorism. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.

The NeoCons in the Bush Jr. administration have tried to sell this biowarfare arms race to the American people and the U.S. Congress as well as to the rest of the world by disingenuously claiming that it is all for the purpose of defense, which, as previously explained, is not a permissible exception to the Biological Weapons Convention in the first place. Their specious argument deludes no one but the gullible, the frightened, the disinformed, the greedy, and the deliberately panicked. Certainly other major biotech states understand full well the military implications of this rapidly expanding U.S. biowarfare industry and will proceed to respond accordingly by deploying their own national biowarfare equivalents. The world will soon witness a de facto biological arms race among the major biotech states of the world under the guise of defense, and despite the requirements of the BWC.

The 1972 BWC itself will gradually fall into desuetude even if its skeleton is kept upon the law books unlike its contemporaneous 1972 AntiBallistic Missile Systems (ABM) Treaty that the Bush Jr. NeoCons made a point of repudiating outright on 13 December 2001, which they had also sought to accomplish going back to the Reagan administration, but now using the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks as a pretext for doing so. It will then become only a matter of time before some state intelligence agency uses biological weapons again for domestic terrorist purposes or for foreign warfare; or else a catastrophic accident occurs at some biowarfare facility in the United States or abroad.

In regard to this latter eventuality, the recent mass distribution allegedly by mistake! of a virulent 1957 pandemic flu virus strain which killed between 1 million and 4 million people to 4,614 laboratories primarily in the United States and also to seventeen foreign countries is a harbinger of things to come. The massive proliferation of biowarfare technology, facilities, as well as trained scientists and technicians all over the United States courtesy of the NeoCon Bush Jr. administration will render a catastrophic biowarfare or bioterrorist incident or accident a statistical certainty. If such a catastrophic event should occur, it would mark the final end to democracy, human rights, the rule of law, and the Constitution in the United States of America even as we know and experience it today, as materially diminished under the burgeoning Bush Jr. NeoCon police state.

Top Amazon Book Review of Professor Boyle’s Biowarfare and Terrorism:

Reviewed in the United States on April 5, 2020

Verified Purchase

After listening to several online interviews with Dr. Francis Boyle, I decided I needed to know more about the issues he was discussing. So I purchased this book, which opened my eyes to some extremely important matters about which the average American is typically in the dark. Although the book was written in 2005, the information contained within is most important in the present time with the issues we are facing; certainly, it would be prudent to update the book or to release a companion volume, but even as it stands, the book is a highly instructive page turner.

Before going further into this review, it was very important to me to find out more about the author. Who is he? Is he someone trustworthy? Does he have the knowledge, background and credentials needed to write and speak authoritatively on the issue of government sanctioned testing, genetically modifying and even weaponizing dangerous micro-organisms?

So let me start with an explanation of who Dr. Boyle is. Dr. Francis Boyle is a professor of international law at the University Of Illinois College Of Law. For many years, he has been a public watchdog regarding the government's research, development and stockpiling of bio-weapons. Dr. Boyle evidently had a strong desire to stop the insanity of a national and international biological weapons arms race. So, while serving on the Advisory Board for the Council for Responsible Genetics, he drafted the U.S. domestic legislation for the Biological Weapons Convention, known as the Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act of 1989, which was approved unanimously by both Houses of the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President George H.W. Bush. This Act made it illegal in the U.S. to develop and stockpile bio-weapons. (We will see in a moment Dr. Boyle’s opinion as to whether or not this law has been heeded.) So the evidence is that Dr. Boyle is, in fact, a reliable source, and that what he writes and speaks about, should be listened to carefully.

This book is not expensive and I recommend that people purchase and read the book. I am now going to summarize the book chapter by chapter. Buy the book, and as you read it, compare each chapter to each synopsis I’m writing here, to ask yourself if you see what he writes in the way I’ve described it. Here goes:

Chapter 1: The Biological Weapons Convention

The Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) was an international treaty established in the early 1970s which ostensibly banned countries from creating bio-weapons. The US and most of the nations of the world signed it. Nixon evidently took it seriously and significantly diminished the bio-weapons arms race in the US, by apparently sincerely attempting to comply with the BWC. Nonetheless, on a lesser level, the CIA continued to research and develop bio-weapons, by exploiting various “loopholes” in the BWC.

Then in the Reagan administration, the development of bio-weapons expanded beyond the CIA to include the Pentagon, due to the influence of Neo-Con hawks. Ultimately, the US resumed the same annual fiscal expenditure on bio-weapons that had been engaged in prior to Nixon’s attempted curtailment of the program, but now including gene splicing and genetic engineering of microorganisms for the creation of new bio-weapons. Even though all such work was a violation of the BWC (but justified because it was supposedly “defensive” work, instead of “offensive”.)

Chapter 2: Making Biological Weapons

Through DNA genetic engineering, scientists have been creating “novel offensive biological agents”, useful for causing the death and suffering of opposing forces. They then develop the vaccine for each new agent. Scientists aerosolize the new micro organism. The government then mass-produces (and stockpiles) aerosolized canisters of these biological warfare agents. The vaccines are for the troops on the side that is disseminating the bio-weapons: if the germs blow back on them, they will supposedly be protected.

This lovely, humanitarian work (NOT!) was engaged in by government-owned biolabs (such as Fort Detrich in Maryland) as well by large U.S. universities with government contracts through the Reagan pentagon, and has continued (at the time of this books writing) under the Bush Junior administration.

Chapter 3: U.S. Government Biowarfare Contracts

In the late 1980s, Dr. Boyle was asked by the Council for Responsible Genetics to submit a comprehensive analysis of how the Department of Defense was engaging in all the previously described activities.

His analysis was very eye-opening. He read the contracts between the government and the universities that were involved in this “research”. He concludes that the scientists involved had to have known that they were engaging in illegal activities. But the lure of big money was too great. Large numbers of pigs and monkeys were hideously gassed to death in the continuance of their “research”.

Dr. Boyle talks about how they (the CRG) tried to expose these contracts and stop this work. To no avail. American universities such as the University of Illinois were feeding at the government trough. Ethics be Damned - the money was too great.

Dr. Boyle states his opinion that these issues of huge consequence to humanity, present and future, are being carried out without any real laws or regulations. There is no one to speak for the public interest and no means to prevent an almost inevitable future biological warfare catastrophe, was Dr. Boyle’s opinion in 2005.

Chapter 4: The Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act of 1989.

The Council for Responsible Genetics conducted a Congressional briefing in 1985, to explain to US lawmakers the malevolent things that were going on, with regard to the development and stockpiling of these bio-weapons. Dr. Francis Boyle was the speaker. He concluded his remarks calling for legislation that would make it a serious federal crime to engage in this bio warfare research and development.

Dr. Boyle gives some history of the changing emphases of biotechnology firms. In the early ‘80s, the thrust of their research was on GM (genetically modified) food, with the belief that this was the key to a better and more lucrative (for them) future. Bio-weapons were not, at that time, a main thrust and emphasis.

But as time went by, the DOD (Department of Defense) slowly pushed bio-weapons contracts on biotechnology firms, creating a greater emphasis on this nefarious aspect (as if GMO foods aren’t nefarious) of the work they do. September 11, 2001 (and the subsequent anthrax attacks) really cemented the all out commitment to the development of DNA genetically engineered agents of death, disease and destruction, as Congress appropriated billions of dollars towards this end.

But back to the Reagan administration. The Council for Responsible Genetics pushed for a law with teeth that would severely punish those engaged in the research, development and testing of bio-weapons. But of course, the Reagan administration would have none of it! In fact, they were already shipping weapons grade biological agents to our ally, Saddam Hussein in Iraq, with the expectation that he would use them them in bio-weapons against our enemies in Iran! What the Reagan Neo-Cons were doing was in violation of the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC.)

Then, the Bush Sr. Administration came into power and was fortunately willing to take a better approach to bio-weapons research. Through means both wise and lucky, the Council for Responsible Genetics got the US government to ratify their legislation severely limiting research into bio-weapons, called the “Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act of 1989.”

So now the law of the land was changed! The BWC (Biological Weapons Convention international treaty) combined with the US Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act of 1989, were setting the US onto a road of sanity and safety! Weren’t they?

Chapter 5: U.S. Biowarfare-Related Violations of International Law

Francis Boyle asserts that prior to the passage of the Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act, the Reagan administration had illegally (according to the terms of the BWC) shipped weapons specific biological agents (anthrax and botulin toxin) to Saddam Hussain in Iraq for the purpose of using them against Iran.

Dr. Boyle states that later on, during the Bush Senior regime, under the authority of Donald Rumsfeld, the U.S. ordered the vaccination of a half million of our troops with illegal and unapproved experimental anthrax and botulin toxin vaccinations, which subsequently induced death and suffering in the majority of these troops, due to the side effects of the experimental vaccinations.

Then, Bill Clinton’s team reactivated huge Pentagon funding for genetic engineering biowarfare contracts, exactly as Reagan’s team had done ten years earlier. Virulent strains of Anthrax like nothing that had ever existed before were cultivated and produced in large quantities! These Clinton initiatives clearly violated both the BWC and the anti-terrorism act.

Then, the second Bush administration pretty much repudiated the tenets of the BWC. Furthermore, they worked to sabotage the International Criminal Court! The “American Power Elite” demonstrated through both the Clinton and Bush 2 administrations, a disregard for national and international law governing the development and creation of bio-weapons.

Chapter 6: Domestic Terrorism: The Anthrax Attacks on the U.S. Congress

Dr. Boyle gives a multiplicity of evidence that the Anthrax used in the attacks immediately after 9/11 had to have come from government contract labs within the United States, probably from the government owned biological weapons and defense lab Fort Detrick in Maryland. The perpetrators therefore had to have been current or possibly former government scientists.

Dr. Boyle had been disheartened in the early days of the Anthrax investigation, when he contacted the top FBI terrorism official, to tell him of the evidence of the domestic sourcing of the anthrax. And that official told him that the FBI was coordinating its investigation with Fort Detrick. A typical example of the fox guarding the hen house!

And sure enough, as time went by, the investigation was yielding very little. The FBI seemed to be getting nowhere, the media very quickly stopped pushing for information about that attack, and Congress didn’t show any desire to truly push for a comprehensive investigation into this egregious situation.

The author states that perhaps the suspicious death of Senator Paul Wellstone had an effect of dampening a desire for answers.

(This was news to me, so I investigated and found that Minnesota Senator Paul Wellstone had been asked by vice President Dick Cheney to, quote, “stop sticking his nose into 9/11”; plus, he was a holdout against the Iraq war, to which Bush, Cheney and Rumsfeld were fervently committed. Senator Wellstone, his wife and his daughter all perished in a small plane accident in 2002. According to those who wrote a book and created a movie about all this, the accident was very mysterious; the plane manifested weird fuselage damage unexplainable by normal means, but which could be accounted for by the use of directed energy weapons against the airplane. [Donald Rumsfeld had admitted publicly in a news conference, still viewable at YT, that the Pentagon was, in fact, working on directed energy weapons, the details of which he couldn't go into, he said, due to national security. ] This incident makes me think of Dr. Judy Wood’s book “Where Did the Towers Go?” But these are entirely different matters. I write all this simply because of Dr. Boyle’s mentioning the suspicious death of Wellstone possibly dampening the desire of congress to press for the complete truth.)

The two Senators who were the intended victims of the anthrax attacks were holdouts against the passage of the so-called Patriot Act, which was obviously prepared well in advance of 9/11. And this Patriot Act gave tremendous power and control to the federal government, and a huge loss of privacy and freedom for private citizens.

Dr. Boyle argues that the evidence points to the likelihood that the same people who were behind the anthrax attacks were the same people that were behind 9/11. He gives very specific and detailed information including the names and the questionable actions of top FBI officials, to demonstrate his hypothesis. For example, he gives evidence that, prior to 9/11, the FBI and the Pentagon knew precisely who the Saudis were that were entering the United States with evidence of suspicious intent and the desire to learn to fly (but not take off or land) airplanes. He names the officials who chose to suppress that information and to not act upon it.

Dr. Boyle wrote this book in 2005; he does not mention the name of the director of the (demonstrably corrupt) FBI during 9/11, but I’m compelled to note here that the director then was none other than Robert Mueller! How about that!

He finishes this chapter by noting a recent (for when he wrote the book) Washington Post article discussing how the Pentagon had, as of late, developed extensive plans relating to the imposition of martial law in the U.S.; conditions were listed where this could be considered, including the release of a deadly biological agent. (Bear in mind that Dr. Boyle documented the work the Pentagon had been engaging in regarding the development of multiple deadly biological agents, in violation of national and international law. Does it seem suspicious that now the Pentagon has developed a plan to impose martial law if such deadly biological agents were to be released? Which raises the question, if the government wanted to impose martial law, wouldn’t they now have an effective means for doing so? I am being very clear and specific with these questions, which were only implied by Dr. Boyle with the information he imparts.)

The book continues on for several more chapters, but look at the bombshell information contained so far: government owned and government contracted private laboratories have for years been using genetic engineering to create “super-bugs”. Stockpiles of these aerosolized super-bug weapons have been built up. Some were given by our government to Saddam Hussein. The government then used his ownership of such bio-weapons as an excuse to go to war with him, conveniently forgetting to tell the public that we gave him those weapons in the first place. The U.S. anthrax attacks give evidence of their creation and dissemination by scientists associated with our government bio-weapons labs. The FBI (led by Mueller) did not properly investigate the anthrax attacks and suppressed evidence regarding the perpetrators of 911. The Pentagon develops a contingency for enacting martial law in the event of the release of a deadly biological agent.

And none of this is written by some fringe character. This all comes from a highly reputable source, with a history of intimate knowledge of the events and circumstances surrounding biological engineering, bio-warfare, US and international law, and terrorism. Clearly, there is a lot to ponder in Dr. Boyle’s book!